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Ma LEVELS 2&3 KEY STAGE 1 Level 2 and level 3 Mathematics tests Teacher’s guide 2003 2003 Level 2 8 6 Key stage 1 Level 2 Mathematics booklet 2003 Name Score Level and grade Level 3 Key stage 1 Level 3 Mathematics booklet 2003 Name Score Level

First published in 2003 © Qualifications and Curriculum Authority 2003 Reproduction, storage, adaptation or translation, in any form or by any means, of this publication is prohibited without prior written permission of the publisher, unless within the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Excerpts may be reproduced for the purpose of research, private study, criticism or review, or by educational institutions solely for educational purposes, without permission, provided full acknowledgement is given. Produced in Great Britain by the Qualifications and Curriculum Authority under the authority and superintendence of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office and Queen’s Printer of Acts of Parliament. The Qualifications and Curriculum Authority is an exempt charity under Schedule 2 of the Charities Act 1993. Qualifications and Curriculum Authority 83 Piccadilly London W1J 8QA www.qca.org.uk/

1 Contents Background information 3 Specific guidance 6 Administering the level 2 test 11 Marking the level 2 test 19 Finding the level 28 Administering the level 3 test 30 Marking the level 3 test 38 Finding the level 48 Age standardised scores 49 Assistance for the written questions This guidance is provided in a separate booklet.

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3 Background information Children to be tested The level 2 test The level 2 test should be used with all children judged by the teacher to have attained level 2 in mathematics through teacher assessment. In addition, you may wish to administer the test to those children who achieved very highly on all parts of the level 1 task. You may also choose to use the level 2 test with children judged to be working at level 3, before they take the level 3 test. Trials of the tests with a nationally representative sample of approximately 2,500 children showed that children who completed the level 2 test before completing the level 3 test were likely to achieve more marks on the level 3 test than children of similar ability who did not complete the level 2 test first. The level 3 test The level 3 test is for children who are judged to be working at or above level 3 in mathematics through teacher assessment. Children who attain grade A on the level 2 test should normally be entered for the level 3 test, unless you feel that they would be unable to cope with the demand of this test. Children who are entered directly for the level 3 test, but do not achieve level 3, should subsequently be assessed using the level 2 test. Structure of the tests The materials include: ■ a level 2 test booklet; ■ a level 3 test booklet; ■ administration and marking instructions contained within this Teacher’s guide; ■ Assistance for the written questions booklet; ■ grids providing curriculum references for optional analysis of performance. Each test includes material drawn from the key stage 1 programme of study both for Numberand for Shape, space and measuresin the 2000 national curriculum order. The tests include questions that assess Using and applying mathematics. These questions will require children to apply their problem- solving skills, to communicate mathematically and to reason. Questions assessingUsing and applying mathematicsare identified within the mark scheme for each test.

4 There are two parts to each test. The first part comprises five questions (and one practice question), which total five marks. These questions are to be read aloud to the children by the teacher. The second part comprises up to 22 written questions (and one practice question), which total 25 marks. The questions in each test have been ordered approximately by their degree of difficulty, as informed by outcomes of the trials of the tests. Each test was developed in consultation with groups of year 2 classroom teachers, and was subjected to three types of trial with a nationally representative sample including over 3,000 children. Children in one particular class or school may find the tests easier or harder than this sample. It is important that all children are given an opportunity to attempt as many questions as they can in the written part of the tests. An evaluation study of the performance of a group of children who just attained level 2 in an earlier test showed that each of the more difficult questions, towards the end of the test, was answered correctly by at least one child in this group. If a child is unable to cope with one written question, he or she should be encouraged to move on to the next question. Timing Both tests should be carried out and completed during the month of May 2003. It should not be necessary for either test to be completed in more than two sessions.These sessions should normally take place on the same day or on consecutive days. If they take place on the same day, children may benefit from a break after about 30 minutes. There is no time limit for any part of the tests. Trialling has shown that most children demonstrate what they can do in about 45 minutes, after a short introduction. You should use your discretion to give the children as much time as they need to finish all the oral and written questions they can do. Grouping children for the test It is anticipated that the level 2 test and the level 3 test will be administered on separate occasions. Both the oral and written parts of each test can be administered to all the children at the appropriate levels together, in small groups or individually. For the written part of the tests, you may give help with reading (see the booklet Assistance for the written questions). You may also read all the questions to groups or individuals. Your decision about grouping, therefore, should reflect the needs of the children in your class and their ability to work independently. Further guidance on grouping for and reading the tests is included on page 7.

5 It is possible, but not recommended, that the level 2 test and the level 3 test be administered to different groups of children simultaneously. If this method of administration is chosen, the children taking either test will need to complete separately the oral questions and the practice written question for their test before completing the written questions simultaneously. The oral questions should be completed before starting the written questions. Children taking the level 3 test should not have access to structured apparatus during any part of the test. Assistance The tests do not require the use of staff beyond those normally available in the classroom. However, they may be administered, under the direction of the teacher, by any competent or informed person such as a language support teacher, a teaching assistant or special educational needs support staff. These staff should have a copy of Assistance for the written questions. The teacher, however, remains responsible for the assessments. Parents of children in the class should not administer the tests. Detailed guidance on supporting the children during the level 2 test is provided on pages 13–14 for the oral questions and pages 17–18 for the written questions. Guidance for the level 3 test is provided on pages 32–33 for the oral questions and pages 36–37 for the written questions. Further guidance for each test is provided in Assistance for the written questions.Any person administering the test should be familiar with this guidance and have it to hand during any administration of the tests. Age standardised scores The tables of age standardised scores for the tests are contained within this Teacher’s guide. The use of these tables remains optional. Optional grid for test analysis Also provided are grids giving the curriculum references for each question in the tests, which will allow teachers, if they wish, to analyse the performance of children in their class.

6 Specific guidance You can be flexible in your arrangements for the tests as long as any adaptations do not invalidate the assessments. The range of children’s needs is such that it is neither sensible nor possible to provide detailed advice to cover every individual circumstance. You should use your professional judgement and your knowledge of individual children to decide how best to make the tests accessible to all children while maintaining the rigour of the assessment. Examples of permissible adaptations include: ■ using tactile shapes and number cards; ■ photocopying on to coloured paper; ■ enhancing shading, and/or emboldening lines on diagrams, charts and graphs; ■ cutting out, enlarging, embossing or mounting diagrams; ■ using adhesive to attach materials to a table; ■ using mechanical and technological aids, including computers but not calculators; ■ rephrasing parts of the written questions as indicated in Assistance for the written questions. There may be some children who have difficulty with the test layout and procedures. These children may be willing to ask for help, and you will be able to ensure they receive the support they need. However, other children may be reluctant to ask. As well as offering reassurance to the whole group, you may need to be active in watching for children who are having problems with reading or with writing responses. Children’s responses Children may convey what they know or understand by any means appropriate to them: talk, sign, writing, gesture, pictures, models, mime or any combination of these. A wide variety of forms of communication is acceptable.

7 Children learning English as an additional language Children who are learning English as an additional language may be given access to the tests in any way that is usual for them. If language support is available, the questions may be translated and children may respond in a language other than English. It is not intended that children are provided with a comprehensive written translation of the papers. As with all children, you may read the questions aloud in English. You may also give a fuller explanation of the context of the questions, but it is important to ensure that you do not give any additional interpretation of the mathematics or mathematical vocabulary in doing this. It is particularly important when assessing children for whom English is an additional language that sufficient time is given for the children to show their best attainment without pressure. Special educational needs These tests are designed to be used with all children at the appropriate level, but additional consideration should be given to children with special educational needs. Usually, the most appropriate conditions for testing will be those in which the children normally work well. If you judge it appropriate, you may go through a whole test, reading out each question to a group and waiting for the children to write their answers before continuing (the ‘look and listen’ method). This is a legitimate way to administer the tests to children who would otherwise have difficulties in accessing the tests.It is, however, unlikely to be the best method for whole class administration, as the tests would then need to be read out to suit the pace of the slowest child.This would mean that children who wanted to work more quickly could become bored with waiting and possibly not demonstrate their best attainment. Some research that QCA has carried out has shown that fluent readers can sometimes perform better if helped by the ‘look and listen’ technique, as they can otherwise skim read questions and misread what needs to be done. However, QCA feels that, in general, children who read fluently can best be helped by the teacher stressing how important it is that the children: ■ ask for help to read unfamiliar text; ■ check that they have read questions correctly; ■ check their working out and answers. Nevertheless, QCA recognises that teachers are in the best position to judge whether fluent readers would benefit or not from ‘look and listen’. ■ You can administer the tests to smaller groups of children or on an individual basis and adopt any strategies suggested in this guide. ■ You may describe the pictures to the children or provide them with any objects that convey to them what is in the pictures. ■ You may use overhead projector transparencies of any parts of the test paper to direct children’s attention to what they have to do.

8 Children with hearing impairments Children who have hearing impairments may need particular help with reading. The questions may be presented to the child in sign. A variety of forms of communication can be used for presentation and response, including British Sign Language (BSL), Sign Supported English (SSE) and Makaton vocabulary. For children who sign, use should be made of a skilled adult signer who is familiar to the child. Since this person may not be the teacher, there is a need for the teacher and the signer to be clear about how the test will be presented. The nature of BSL may demand that some questions are restructured. In restructuring, take care that the signs used neither give clues to the answer or the mathematics to be used nor cause confusion, and that the questions are restructured only where the sign language itself necessitates it. You may also give a fuller explanation of the context of the questions, but it is important to ensure that you do not give any additional interpretation of the mathematics and mathematical vocabulary in doing this. If the child responds orally, the person administering the tests will need to be familiar with the hearing impaired child’s voice to ensure responses are understood accurately. You should ensure that children with hearing impairments understand the contributions made and questions raised by other children prior to the start of the tests. The oral questions – additional guidance for teachers of children with hearing impairments There are five questions (and one practice question) which are to be read aloud to the children by the teacher. These questions come at the beginning of each test but they may be administered to children with hearing impairments during a separate session or at the end of the tests. The oral questions should be administered by a familiar adult whom the child is used to lip-reading; this could be the child’s special support assistant. Children with hearing impairments should be given enough time to lip-read the question, process the information and find the appropriate part of the page to write the answer. Each question may be written out as a flash card or projected as an overhead projector transparency if this will make it more accessible for these children. Teachers of hearing impaired children may reword questions using more familiar syntax if necessary. However, considerable care should be taken in order to avoid altering the nature of the assessment within any question. For example: Level 2 question 2:Find box c. Think of an odd number between 32 and 42. If the child cannot lip read, use flash cards with 32 and 42 on them. Write the odd number in box c. Level 3 question 2: Use a schoolinstead of Park School.

9 Children with visual impairments Children with visual impairments may have the test presented to them, and make their responses in any way that is usual for them, but care should be taken to avoid altering the nature of the questions. All usual low vision aids should be used, and real objects may be used where appropriate. Materials may be enlarged, reduced, cut up, brailled, etc, to increase accessibility for individual children, and children may handwrite their answers, use computer facilities, braille or dictate answers to an adult scribe. Help may be given to interpret pictures and diagrams, as long as this does not invalidate the assessment being made. Braille The level 2 and level 3 mathematics tests will be available in grade 2 braille, free of charge, from: Pia Victoria Street Cwmbrân NP44 3YT Tel: 0870 321 6727 Fax: 0870 321 6429 Modified large print Teachers of children with special educational needs should be aware of modified large print versions of the tests. Although designed for children with visual impairments, these modified large print papers may be used by other children who have special educational needs. For example, some children with particular physical difficulties may find them more accessible than the unmodified papers. The modified large print papers are produced on A4 size paper in black and white, using bold print, simplified diagrams and illustrations with all extraneous information removed. Copies of the modified large print tests are available free of charge. Examples can be seen on the QCA website at www.qca.org.uk/ca/tests/modified_tests Time for the modified tests Children using braille or modified large print tests are likely to need more time to complete the tests than fully sighted children to take account of their slower reading speeds. You will wish to make this clear to children and to organise the classroom as appropriate. You may find it helpful to administer the tests in more than one session. Additional teacher notes have been produced to accompany modified large print and braille versions of the tests. You should refer to these notes before administering and marking the tests. Minor changes have been made to the text in the braille version. A print version of the modified text for braillists is included with the braille materials. Additional teacher’s notes for the braille test will also be included with the materials. You should have ordered these test materials by photocopying the order form on page 41 in the 2003Assessment and reporting arrangements booklet for key stage 1. Additional teacher’s notes will be included with the modified large print materials.

10 Children with physical disabilities Children with physical disabilities may have the tests presented to them, and make their responses, in any way that is usual for them, for example the teacher scribing dictated answers, the use of enlarged form or the use of a computer. Children with emotional and behavioural difficulties Children with emotional and behavioural difficulties may have problems maintaining their attention for extended periods of time. For this reason, the tests could be administered to this group of children in smaller parts, over a number of sessions, rather than the recommended two sessions.

11 Administering the level 2 test Resources For both the oral and written questions, each child will need: ■ a copy of the level 2 test booklet; ■ a pen or pencil; ■ a centimetre ruler with which they are familiar; and ■ a rubber (optional). You may obtain more useful diagnostic information if you encourage your children to leave their working out on the page and to cross out their mistakes rather than rubbing them out. If rubbers are not provided: – you should tell children that they may cross out any answers they wish to change; – you should keep a rubber in readiness for children who wish to change answers they have drawn (such as lines or shapes) where changes may be clearer by rubbing than by crossing out. You should also provide: ■ structured apparatus consisting of tens and units for each group working at the same table. This must be available in sufficient quantity to allow children to select as much or as little as they wish. Please note: No other support materials should be given to the children, for example clocks or clock faces, number lines or squares, addition squares, multiplication squares, calculators or any representation of money (toy or real). Wall displays such as tables charts, number lines or number squares should be covered or removed. However, it is not necessary to remove wall clocks. Advance preparation To help with reading, you may write the following words from the written part of the test on the board before the test begins: marbles, space, weather, equally, altogether, sequence, cylinder, halfway, balloons, hexagons. The meaning of mathematical terms should not be discussed. Level 2 Number apparatus must be structured into tens and units (interlocking cubes in sticks of tens and ones, Dienes tens and ones, etc) to discourage unhelpful counting in ones rather than use of tens where appropriate. If interlocking cubes are used, each rod of ten cubes should be made up of one colour only. At least two different colours of rods should be provided. In this way, children can identify a group of ten easily as they calculate. However, you should not intervene if a child dismantles the structured tens when working. This test is designed for children working at level 2.

12 Level 2 Administering the test fairly In order to ensure that the test is administered fairly in different classrooms, it is important that all teachers behave in a similar way while the test is in progress. THEREFORE YOU MUST: ■ ensure that children can work undisturbed, individually and without access to materials that could give them an unfair advantage. Changes to the usual classroom layout may be necessary. It is important that you decide on seating arrangements before the start of the test, in order to ensure that children cannot see each other’s work; ■ ensure that the children work on their own and do not discuss questions or copy answers. Some teachers have found one or more of the following strategies helpful to ensure that children cannot see each other’s work: seating children at the ends of tables; seating children individually in a larger space; providing a blank sheet of paper to cover completed work on the open page; using large picture books, etc to create table screening between children; ■ observe the children throughout the test to ensure that they do not copy or distract each other; ■ ensure that wall displays, etc in the classroom do not give children an unfair advantage, for example tables charts, number lines or number squares should be covered or removed. However, it is not necessary to remove wall clocks; ■ encourage the children to stay on task and to work at an appropriate pace, moving on to the next question promptly when it is clear that they cannot spend any more time productively on the question they are working on; ■ encourage children to check their work carefully when they have finished. DO NOT: ■ give help with the mathematics as this will invalidate the assessment; ■ re-present questions on addition or subtraction vertically when they are presented horizontally in the test booklet; ■ suggest to the children the mathematical operation to use; ■ give clues which help the children to interpret what any question requires them to do; ■ rephrase, or rewrite, any questions except where indicated in Assistance for the written questions; ■ prompt children to confirm or change answers by pointing, frowning, smiling, head shaking or nodding, offering rubbers, or asking leading questions. Teachers of children learning English as an additional language or with special educational needs should refer to the further guidance on pages 7–10 of this guide.

13 Starting the test Give each child a level 2 test booklet and make sure they have the resources they need. Ask the children to write their name in the space provided on the front of the booklet and introduce the test in your own words, making sure you cover the points outlined in ‘Introducing the characters in the booklet’ and ‘Introducing the level 2 oral questions’ (below) then in ‘Introducing the level 2 written questions’ (page 17) at the appropriate times. To ensure that the testing is carried out in a standard way in all schools, it is important that your introduction does not exceed this information. Introducing the characters in the booklet Ask the children to open their booklet. Introduce the characters in the test booklet to the children. Read the names with the children to ensure that they will recognise them when they meet them in the booklet. Explain that some other children may also be mentioned in the test. Ask the children to close their booklets while you introduce the level 2 oral questions. Introducing the level 2 oral questions These questions will be read aloud by you. Guidance on what to say to the children is given overleaf. The first question is a practice question. It is not part of the assessment so you may help the children to understand the format, what they should do and where they should write their answer. Children are allowed to use space on the test paper for working out their answers if necessary. There is no time limit on each question, so the length of time taken will depend on the speed of the children. Proceed from one question to the next when you feel that all the children have had ample opportunity to work out the answer. The text to be read aloud is shown in italics in the next section, ‘Working through the level 2 oral questions’. The questions themselves are shown in bold italics. The language highlighted in bold text is part of the assessment, andyou should not rephrase it or give explanations of terms used. Level 2

14 Tell the children: ■ I will read aloud some questions for you to answer. ■ I will read each question twice, leaving a short gap in between. ■ If you want to hear the question a third time, put up your hand. ■ You must listen very carefully when I read the questions. ■ The first question is a practice question which we will all do together. ■ I will explain how to write answers to each question. ■ You will have plenty of time to work out the answers. ■ You must work on your own and you must not call out the answers. ■ If you make a mistake, cross it out / rub it out neatly* and write the answer clearly (*as appropriate). ■ When you have finished answering a question, look up so that I know you have finished. Working through the level 2 oral questions Ask the children to open their booklet. Explain: ■ the boxes are for you to write your answers in; ■ the letters below each box show you which box to use for each question; ■ you can do any working out in the white spaces around the boxes, if you need to. Where necessary, you can show the children how to draw a tick, cross, etc. Level 2

15 Practice question Afterwards, ensure that children know the number they should have written, and discuss methods the children used to work out the answer. Allow any children to change their answers to the correct one by crossing out or rubbing out, to make sure they know the way to correct errors. Question 1 Question 2 Turn over the page. Find box c. Think of an odd number between 32 and 42. Write the number in box c. Find box b. Add these three numbers: five and five and five. Write your answer in box b. This is a practice question for us to do together. Find box a. [Help with locating the box where necessary.] Add four and four. Write your answer in box a. Remember to repeat the question. Repeat the bold textonly. Level 2 Teacher: Teacher: Teacher:

16 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Find box f. What number must Desi subtract from 23 to get an answer of 16? [Stress the ‘teen’ in 16 to avoid the confusion with 60.] Write your answer in box f. Look at the next page. How many months are there in one year? Write your answer in box e. Look at the words in box d. The words say: kilograms, metres, hours, centimetres, litres. One of the words completes this sentence. Ella is 97[one clap]tall. Tick the correct word in box d. Level 2 Teacher: Teacher: Teacher:

17 Introducing the level 2 written questions Ask the children to close their booklets and to listen carefully while you introduce the written questions. Tell the children: ■ I will do one practice question with all of you, and then you will go on by yourselves. ■ Read each question, work out the answer and then write it in the space provided in the booklet. ■ Always read what you are asked to do. Don’t guess. ■ You can have as much help as you need with reading words in the questions, but you can’t have help with reading numbers or working out answers. If you need help with reading, put up your hand but don’t call out. ■ (Optional)These are some of the harder words in the test. We will read them together now. [Read the words on display as specified on page 11 but do not explain these words in any way. You may read them again for any child as necessary during the test.] ■ There is plenty of space in the booklet, which you can use for working out, writing or drawing your answers. ■ If you are asked to show how you work something out, write or draw how you got your answer since you can get a mark for doing that. ■ You may use the apparatus that I have provided (see page 11). [If rods of ten interlocking cubes are provided you may remind children that they are rods of ten.] ■ If you make a mistake, you should change your answer by crossing/ rubbing* it out (*as appropriate). ■ Some questions are harder than others; if you cannot do one question, go on to the next one which might be easier; go back to the harder ones later if you wish; you may not be able to complete all the questions, but do as many as you can. ■ Take as long as you need to finish all the questions you can do. ■ When you have done all you can, check your answers. ■ Don’t discuss the questions with anyone or copy answers. Level 2

18 Working through the level 2 written questions ■ Ask the children to turn to page 6 of their booklet and find the practice question. ■ Help the children to work through the practice question. Allow them to answer the question before you discuss it. ■ The practice question is not part of the test, and you can spend as much time as you like helping the children to understand the format, what they should do and where they should write their answers. ■ Ask the children to start working on their own from question 6, unless you are reading the questions with the children. ■ You can stop the testing whenever you judge it necessary, for example if you feel a child is becoming too unsettled or has done as much as possible. Assisting children with the written questions Reading the written questions You should give help with reading words as necessary. In general, you should not read numbers or symbols in the test booklet. You should not explain the wording of questions in any way except to rephrase as permitted in Assistance for the written questions. You may need to be aware of more fluent readers who do not ask for the help they need to read unfamiliar words. Rephrasing the written questions There should be no written adaptations of the text. However, some words in the test may be rephrased, or explained, if these are not familiar to the children where these are not mathematical terms and therefore not part of what is being tested. It is very important not to exceed the permissible support. Other assistance Apart from the guidance given above, and in Assistance for the written questions,no other assistance is allowed. Level 2

19 Level 2 Marking the level 2 test General guidance When the children have completed the test, mark each answer right or wrong. The mark scheme helps you to identify the appropriate answers and tells you how many marks to allocate to each answer. Mark boxes have been provided in the margin of the test booklet, beside each question. For consistency, it is recommended that you enter 1 (mark awarded), 0 (question attempted but mark not awarded) or ‘–’ (question not attempted) in each mark box. These codes correspond with those used on the optional grid for test analysis. In addition, a box has been provided at the bottom right-hand side of each double page spread to enter the total marks the child obtains for the set of questions that appear on the two pages. This is to help you to be accurate and efficient when totalling marks, but its use is optional. The symbol ‘ ) ’ is used in the Additional guidancecolumn in the mark scheme to indicate where you should pay particular attention to the mark scheme. Responses indicated in this way are those which were most likely to be marked incorrectly during trials of the tests. Questions with a Using and applying mathematicselement are identified in the mark scheme by an encircled U with a number that indicates the significance of using and applying mathematics in answering the question. For example, in a question with two marks, U2 would indicate great significance, while U1 would indicate some significance. The ‘U number’ for a two-mark question might be U1 or U2. A one-mark question might also have U1. If a child has altered an answer or the answer is not clear, try to establish his or her final intention. You may occasionally need to talk with children individually to check this. Be sure to use open questions that do not suggest the required answer. Any numeric answer is acceptable in word or number form unless otherwise stated.

20 Level 2 Possible issues when marking The child reverses a digit A reversed digit is acceptable if it is clearly recognisable as the digit intended; for example, when recordinga reversed 2 must clearly show the characteristics of a 2 rather than a 5. The child writes a transposed Transposed numbers should not be awarded the mark; for example, an answer of ‘61’ number as the answerwhen the correct answer is ‘16’ should not be marked as correct. The child’s response isThe mark scheme will generally specify which equivalent responses are allowed. If this is numerically equivalent to thenot the case, award the mark unless the mark scheme states otherwise. answer in the mark scheme The child’s answer is correct but Always award the mark for a correct response unless the mark scheme states otherwise. the wrong working is shown The correct response has beenMark any legible crossed out work that has not been replaced according to the mark crossed (or rubbed) out and scheme. If the work has been replaced, then do not consider the crossed out work. not replaced The child has worked out the Give precedence to the answer given in the answer box over any other workings. answer correctly and then However, there may be cases where the incorrect answer is due to a transcription error, in written an incorrect answer which case you may check the child’s intention and decide whether to award the mark. in the answer box More than one answer is givenIf all answers given are correct (or a range of answers is given, all of which are correct), award the mark unless the mark scheme states otherwise. If both correct and incorrect responses are given, do not award the mark unless the mark scheme states otherwise. The child’s response does not Judge whether the response corresponds with the requirements in the Answercolumn of match closely any of the the mark scheme. Refer also to the Additional guidancecolumn and to the Examples examples given in the mark of responses(where appropriate). scheme There appears to be a misread In general, the mark should not be awarded. However, in two-mark questions that have of numbers affecting the a working mark, award one mark if the working is applied correctly using the misread workingnumbers provided that the misread numbers are comparable in difficulty to the original numbers. For example, if ‘243’ is misread as ‘234’, both numbers may be regarded as comparable in difficulty. No answer is given in the Where a child has shown understanding of the question, award the mark. In particular, expected place, but the correct where a word or number response is expected, a child may meet the requirement by answer is given elsewhereannotating a graph or labelling a diagram elsewhere in the question. The child’s answer correctly ‘Follow through’ marks may be awarded only when specifically stated in the mark scheme. follows through from earlier incorrect work

21 Mark scheme for the level 2 test Level 2 Question Answer Mark Additional guidance Practice8 115 2Any odd number between 33 and 41 inclusive, ie: 33or35or37or39or41 3Tick by centimetres. 412 (months) 57none 1 1Accept more than one number given, provided all numbers are correct. 1Accept any other clear way of indicating the correct answer, eg cm written in the grey box. Do notaward the mark if more than one word is indicated unless it is clear that the correct one is the child’s final choice. 1 1 Oral Question Answer Mark Additional guidance Practice15 (birds) 6Box on top right ticked as shown: # none 1Accept any other clear way of indicating the correct response. Do notaward the mark if more than one box is indicated unless it is clear that the correct one is the child’s final choice. Written

22 Level 2 Question Answer Mark Additional guidance 7Rectangle ticked as shown: 8Writes in upper shapes any two numbers that total 17, eg 8 and 9. Writes in lower shapes any twodifferentnumbers that total 17, eg 11 and 6. 915 (p) 1060 114 (mornings) 1235 (p) 13Writes numbers in correct order as shown: 28 43 51 64 89 U1 # 1Accept any other clear way of indicating the correct response. Do notaward the mark if more than one shape is indicated unless it is clear that the correct one is the child’s final choice. 1 ) Do notaward the second mark if both calculations are identical orif the child uses the same numbers in reverse order, eg writes 5 + 12 for the first total 1and 12 + 5 for the second total. Accept 0 and 17 written in one of the pairs of shapes. 1Accept 10p and 5p, or a drawing of the two coins, without an answer written in the answer box. 1 1 1 Do not accept an indication of the correct coins unless the correct answer is also written elsewhere in the answer space. 1Accept any clear way of indicating the correct numbers in the correct order, eg arrows drawn from numbers to boxes. Accept one transcription error, eg 52 written instead of 51. Numbers must be in the same order as in the answer column, even if one is transcribed incorrectly.

23 Level 2 Question Answer Mark Additional guidance 1434 (pencils) 1515 16Writes 7 and 15 as shown: 17House ticked as shown: 18Writes the same number in the two boxes. 1919 20a9 (children) 20b23 (children) or 14 more than the number given for Q20a even if Q20a was not correctly answered. 21Two cylinders ticked as shown: # # # 1 1 1 1Accept any other clear way of indicating the correct response, eg drawing a line from the start to the house. Do notaward the mark if more than one house is ticked unless it is clear that the correct one is the child’s final choice. 1Accept ‘0’ in the two boxes. Do notaward the mark if the number is written in only one of the boxes. 1 1 1 ) Accept a number that is 14 more than the number given for Q20a. 1Accept any other clear way of indicating the two cylinders. Do not award the mark if extra shapes are indicated unless it is clear that the correct two are the child’s final choice. 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19

24 Level 2 Question Answer Mark Additional guidance 22Writes 1 and 3 in this order: 23Rectangle divided into 4 equal parts, eg 24105 254 (packs) 26Shapes crossed as shown: { { 10 + 2 3= 3 3 U1 1 ) Both digits must be correct for the award of the mark. 1Accept slight inaccuracies in drawing provided the child’s intention is clear, eg „a child who has not used a ruler must indicate correct start and end points, even if their lines are not quite correct between these; „a child who uses a ruler must have a line that is correctly oriented, but the ends of the lines may be slightly off the appropriate points. 1 1 Do notaccept 3 remainder 3 or similar. 1Accept any other clear way of indicating the correct shapes, eg ticks rather than crosses on the correct shapes. ) Do notaward the mark if the two incorrect shapes are ticked and there are no crosses on the correct two shapes. Do notaward the mark if extra shapes are indicated unless it is clear that the correct two are the child’s final choice.

25 Level 2 Question Answer Mark Additional guidance 2724 (green sweets) This mark may be awarded for children who have the wrong answerbuta complete and correct methodthat is communicated clearly. Use the acceptable and unacceptable responses given on pages 26 and 27 to help make your decision. U1 2Award both marks for the correct answer by entering1in each mark box. ) A child with a correct answer can be awarded two marks even if they have failed to record an appropriate method or any method at all, since it can be assumed that they used a correct mental method to reach their answer. OR 1If mark awarded, enter a 1then0in the mark boxes. ) One mark may be awarded to children who have failed to record the correct answer provided they have demonstrated a complete and correct method for subtracting 20 and 16 from 60. (This method might be numerals, signs, words or diagrams or any mixture of these.) Maximum marks: 30

26 Level 2 Examples of responses from question 27 Children who record a correct answer should automatically be awarded two marks. Khalilah can be awarded two marks for reaching the correct answer even though she does not describe a complete and correct method. Kennie may have understood what was required. However, we cannot assume from his description that he counted on up to 60 to reach his incorrect answer. Therefore his method is not complete and cannot be awarded the mark. Children are not required to give an answer to their calculation, provided they describe a complete and correct method.Jasmin has not given an answer to her calculation. However, she can be awarded the mark since she has recorded a complete method. Thomas has recorded a value that is close to the correct answer. However, we cannot assume that he has used a correct method since he has not recorded any workings. Therefore Thomas cannot be awarded a mark. Children must record a complete method for the award of the mark. Kofi has correctly added 20 and 16, he has then attempted to add a number to 36 to give the answer 60. Despite making an error in his second calculation, Kofi has recorded a complete method and may therefore be awarded a mark. Anita has added 20 and 16, she has then added two tens and a four to reach 60. The method she has recorded does not demonstrate which numbers in her calculations provide the total of green sweets. Therefore Anita’s method is not complete and cannot be awarded a mark. 1 1 Khalilah 1 or 2 marks 0 0 Kennie 0 1 Jasmin 0 0 Thomas 0 marks green sweets green sweets green sweets green sweets 0 1 Kofi 0 0 Anita green sweets green sweets

Level 2 27 Examples of responses from question 27 – continued Children must record a complete and correct method for the award of the mark.Joshua recorded an addition to show the final number that he thought would add to 20 and 16 to total 60. This number is incorrect. However, he can be awarded the mark for a complete and correct method. Kathryn used a partitioning method to add 20 and 16. She has then continued by adding 30 and subtracting 6 to reach 60. However, the final mental stage of her method is incorrect so she cannot be awarded the mark. Children who use a counting method should record the number of red and yellow sweets and use a counting method which indicates 60 as the total number of sweets. Jake has counted on from his, incorrect, number of red and yellow sweets to reach a correct total. Since his number of red and yellow sweets was correctly labelled and close to the correct number we can assume that he intended to record 20 and 16. His response therefore demonstrates a correct method and is worth one mark. Rebecca has recorded the correct number of red and yellow sweets, but has only recorded 52 sweets in total. Rebecca’s method is incorrect since we cannot assume that she intended to record 60 sweets; she cannot be awarded any marks. Children who give a written description of what they do must describe a complete and correct method.Bethany has described a complete and correct method. She can be awarded the mark, even though she has made a numerical error somewhere in her calculation. Amit has described a complete method. However, his method is not correct since he has added 4 to 30 rather than taking 6 away. Therefore Amit cannot be awarded a mark. 0 1 Joshua 1 mark 0 0 Kathryn 0 marks 0 1 Jake 0 0 Rebecca green sweets green sweets green sweets green sweets 0 1 Bethany 0 0 Amit green sweets green sweets

28 Level 2 Finding the level Add up each child’s total score for the test out of the maximum of 30 marks (not including the practice questions), and write this total in the box marked ‘Score’ on the front of the child’s test booklet. Then refer to the table below to find the level and grade, and enter this on the front of the booklet in the box marked ‘Level and grade’. This information will then be available to transfer on to any recording or reporting document. Evidence shows that it is easy to make careless slips in adding up total scores, and these slips could disadvantage the child; thorough checking and rechecking are, therefore, strongly recommended. If a child achieves level 2A on this test you should normally enter him or her for the level 3 test. Level 2A achieved Level 2B achieved Level 2C achieved Level 1 achieved No level achieved Level 19–30 14–18 7–13 5–6 0–4 Number of marks

29

30 Administering the level 3 test Resources For both the oral and written questions, each child will need: ■ a copy of the level 3 test booklet; ■ a pen or pencil; ■ a ruler with which they are familiar. It is assumed that children working at level 3 will have experience of rulers graduated in half centimetres; ■ a mirror; and ■ a rubber (optional). You may obtain more useful diagnostic information if you encourage your children to leave their working out on the page and to cross out their mistakes rather than rubbing them out. If rubbers are not provided: – you should tell children that they may cross out any answers they wish to change; – you should keep a rubber in readiness for children who wish to change answers they have drawn (such as lines or shapes) where changes may be clearer by rubbing than by crossing out. Please note: No other support materials should be given to the children taking the level 3 test, for example structured apparatus consisting of tens and units, clocks or clock faces, number lines or squares, addition squares, multiplication squares, calculators or any representation of money (toy or real). Wall displays such as tables charts, number lines or number squares should be covered or removed. However, it is not necessary to remove wall clocks. Advance preparation To help with reading, you may write the following words from the written part of the test on the board before the test begins: signs, altogether, amounts, digit, diagram, addition, birthday, seasons, shaded, estimate, pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon, correct. The meaning of mathematical terms should not be discussed. Level 3 This test is designed for children working at level 3. Number apparatus is not allowed for use with this test.

31 Level 3 Administering the test fairly In order to ensure that the test is administered fairly in different classrooms, it is important that all teachers behave in a similar way while the test is in progress. THEREFORE YOU MUST: ■ ensure that children can work undisturbed, individually and without access to materials that could give them an unfair advantage. Changes to the usual classroom layout may be necessary. It is important that you decide on seating arrangements before the start of the test, in order to ensure that children cannot see each other’s work; ■ ensure that the children work on their own and do not discuss questions or copy answers. Some teachers have found one or more of the following strategies helpful to ensure that children cannot see each other’s work: seating children at the ends of tables; seating children individually in a larger space; providing a blank sheet of paper to cover completed work on the open page; using large picture books, etc to create table screening between children; ■ observe the children throughout the test to ensure that they do not copy or distract each other; ■ ensure that wall displays, etc in the classroom do not give children an unfair advantage, for example tables charts, number lines or number squares should be covered or removed. However, it is not necessary to remove wall clocks; ■ encourage the children to stay on task and to work at an appropriate pace, moving on to the next question promptly when it is clear that they cannot spend any more time productively on the question they are working on; ■ encourage children to check their work carefully when they have finished. DO NOT: ■ give help with the mathematics as this will invalidate the assessment; ■ re-present questions on addition or subtraction vertically when they are presented horizontally in the test booklet; ■ suggest to the children the mathematical operation to use; ■ give clues which help the children to interpret what any question requires them to do; ■ rephrase, or rewrite, any questions except where indicated in Assistance for the written questions; ■ prompt children to confirm or change answers by pointing, frowning, smiling, head shaking or nodding, offering rubbers, or asking leading questions. Teachers of children learning English as an additional language or with special educational needs should refer to the further guidance on pages 7–10 of this guide.

32 Starting the test Give each child a level 3 test booklet, and make sure they have the resources they need. Ask the children to write their name in the space provided on the front of the booklet and introduce the test in your own words, making sure you cover the points outlined in ‘Introducing the characters in the booklet’ and ‘Introducing the level 3 oral questions’ (below) then in ‘Introducing the level 3 written questions’ (page 36) at the appropriate times. To ensure that the testing is carried out in a standard way in all schools, it is important that your introduction does not exceed this information. Introducing the characters in the booklet Ask the children to open their booklet. Introduce the characters in the test booklet to the children. Read the names with the children to ensure that they will recognise them when they meet them in the booklet. Explain that some other children may also be mentioned in the test. Ask the children to close their booklets while you introduce the level 3 oral questions. Introducing the level 3 oral questions These questions will be read aloud by you. Guidance on what to say to the children is given opposite. The first question is a practice question. It is not part of the assessment so you may help the children to understand the format, what they should do and where they should write their answer. Children are allowed to use space on the test paper for working out their answers if necessary. There is no time limit on each question, so the length of time taken will depend on the speed of the children. Proceed from one question to the next when you feel that all the children have had ample opportunity to work out the answer. The text to be read aloud is shown in italics in the next section, ‘Working through the level 3 oral questions’. The questions themselves are shown in bold italics. The language highlighted in bold text is part of the assessment, andyou should not rephrase it or give explanations of terms used. Level 3

33 Tell the children: ■ I will read aloud some questions for you to answer. ■ I will read each question twice, leaving a short gap in-between. ■ If you want to hear the question a third time, put up your hand. ■ You must listen very carefully when I read the questions. ■ The first question is a practice question which we will all do together. ■ I will explain how to write answers to each question. ■ You will have plenty of time to work out the answers. ■ You must work on your own and you must not call out the answers. ■ If you make a mistake, cross it out / rub it out neatly* and write the answer clearly (*as appropriate). ■ When you have finished answering a question, look up so that I know you have finished. Working through the level 3 oral questions Ask the children to open their booklet. Explain: ■ the boxes are for you to write your answers in; ■ the letters below each box show you which box to use for each question; ■ you can do any working out in the white spaces around the boxes, if you need to. Where necessary, you can show the children how to draw a tick, cross, etc. Level 3

34 Level 3 Practice question Afterwards, ensure that children know the number they should have written, and discuss methods the children used to work out the answer. Allow any children to change their answers to the correct one by crossing out or rubbing out, to make sure they know the way to correct errors. Question 1 Question 2 Turn over the page. Find box c. Two classes at Park School go on a visit. Each class has 30 children and 6 grown-ups. [Pronounce the ‘ty’ in 30 clearly to avoid confusion with 13.] How many go on a visit altogether? Write your answer in box c. Find box b. Write the number one thousand and six. Write the number in box b. This is a practice question for us to do together. Find box a. [Help with locating the box where necessary.] Listen to this sequence. I will clap where a number is missing. 103 203 303 [one clap]503 603 Write your answer in box a. Remember to repeat the question. Repeat the bold textonly. Teacher: Teacher: Teacher:

35 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Find box f. How many grams equal one kilogram? Write your answer in box f. Look at the next page. Find box e. Five is a quarter of a number. What is the number? Write your answer in box e. Find box d. Imagine a cube. Four faces are yellow, the rest are blue. How many faces are blue? Write your answer in box d. Level 3 Teacher: Teacher: Teacher:

36 Introducing the level 3 written questions Ask the children to close their booklets and to listen carefully while you introduce the written questions. Tell the children: ■ I will do one practice question with all of you, and then you will go on by yourselves. ■ Read each question, work out the answer and then write it in the space provided in the booklet. ■ Always read what you are asked to do. Don’t guess. ■ You can have as much help as you need with reading words in the questions, but you can’t have help with reading numbers or working out answers. If you need help with reading, put up your hand but don’t call out. ■ (Optional)These are some of the harder words in the test. We will read them together now. [Read the words on display as specified on page 30 but do not explain these words in any way. You may read them again for any child as necessary during the test.] ■ There is plenty of space in the booklet, which you can use for working out, writing or drawing your answers. ■ If you are asked to show how you work something out, write or draw how you got your answer since you can get a mark for doing that. ■ You may use the ruler and mirror that I have provided (see page 30). ■ If you make a mistake, you should change your answer by crossing/ rubbing* it out (*as appropriate). ■ Some questions are harder than others; if you cannot do one question, go on to the next one which might be easier; go back to the harder ones later if you wish; you may not be able to complete all the questions, but do as many as you can. ■ Take as long as you need to finish all the questions you can do. ■ When you have done all you can, check your answers. ■ Don’t discuss the questions with anyone or copy answers. Level 3

37 Working through the level 3 written questions ■ Ask the children to turn to page 6 of their booklet and find the practice question. ■ Help the children to work through the practice question. Allow them to answer the question before you discuss it. ■ The practice question is not part of the test, and you can spend as much time as you like helping the children to understand the format, what they should do and where they should write their answers. ■ Ask the children to start working on their own from question 6, unless you are reading the questions with the children. ■ You can stop the testing whenever you judge it necessary, for example if you feel a child is becoming too unsettled or has done as much as possible. Assisting children with the written questions Reading the written questions You should give help with reading words as necessary. In general, you should not read numbers or symbols in the test booklet. You should not explain the wording of questions in any way except to rephrase as permitted in Assistance for the written questions. You may need to be aware of more fluent readers who do not ask for the help they need to read unfamiliar words. Rephrasing the written questions There should be no written adaptations of the text. However, some words in the test may be rephrased, or explained, if these are not familiar to the children where these are not mathematical terms and therefore not part of what is being tested. It is very important not to exceed the permissible support. Other assistance Apart from the guidance given above, and in Assistance for the written questions,no other assistance is allowed. Level 3

38 Level 3 Marking the level 3 test General guidance When the children have completed the test, mark each answer right or wrong. The mark scheme helps you to identify the appropriate answers and tells you how many marks to allocate to each answer. Mark boxes have been provided in the margin of the test booklet, beside each question. For consistency, it is recommended that you enter 1 (mark awarded), 0 (question attempted but mark not awarded) or ‘–’ (question not attempted) in each mark box. These codes correspond with those used on the optional grid for test analysis. In addition, a box has been provided at the bottom right-hand side of each double page spread to enter the total marks the child obtains for the set of questions that appear on the two pages. This is to help you to be accurate and efficient when totalling marks, but its use is optional. The symbol ‘ ) ’ is used in the Additional guidancecolumn in the mark scheme to indicate where you should pay particular attention to the mark scheme. Responses indicated in this way are those which were most likely to be marked incorrectly during trials of the tests. Questions with a Using and applying mathematicselement are identified in the mark scheme by an encircled U with a number that indicates the significance of using and applying mathematics in answering the question. For example, in a question with two marks, U2 would indicate great significance, while U1 would indicate some significance. The ‘U number’ for a two-mark question might be U1 or U2. A one-mark question might also have U1. If a child has altered an answer or the answer is not clear, try to establish his or her final intention. You may occasionally need to talk with children individually to check this. Be sure to use open questions that do not suggest the required answer. Any numeric answer is acceptable in word or number form unless otherwise stated.

39 Level 3 Possible issues when marking The child reverses a digit A reversed digit is acceptable if it is clearly recognisable as the digit intended; for example, when recordinga reversed 2 must clearly show the characteristics of a 2 rather than a 5. The child writes a transposed Transposed numbers should not be awarded the mark; for example, an answer of ‘61’ number as the answerwhen the correct answer is ‘16’ should not be marked as correct. The child’s response isThe mark scheme will generally specify which equivalent responses are allowed. If this is numerically equivalent to thenot the case, award the mark unless the mark scheme states otherwise. answer in the mark scheme The child’s answer is correct butAlways award the mark for a correct response unless the mark scheme states otherwise. the wrong working is shown The correct response has beenMark any legible crossed out work that has not been replaced according to the mark crossed (or rubbed) out and scheme. If the work has been replaced, then do not consider the crossed out work. not replaced The child has worked out the Give precedence to the answer given in the answer box over any other workings. answer correctly and then However, there may be cases where the incorrect answer is due to a transcription error, in written an incorrect answer which case you may check the child’s intention and decide whether to award the mark. in the answer box More than one answer is givenIf all answers given are correct (or a range of answers is given, all of which are correct), award the mark unless the mark scheme states otherwise. If both correct and incorrect responses are given, do not award the mark unless the mark scheme states otherwise. The child’s response does not Judge whether the response corresponds with the requirements in the Answercolumn of match closely any of the the mark scheme. Refer also to the Additional guidancecolumn and to the Examples examples given in the mark of responses(where appropriate). scheme There appears to be a misread In general, the mark should not be awarded. However, in two-mark questions that have of numbers affecting the a working mark, award one mark if the working is applied correctly using the misread workingnumbers provided that the misread numbers are comparable in difficulty to the original numbers. For example, if ‘243’ is misread as ‘234’, both numbers may be regarded as comparable in difficulty. No answer is given in the Where a child has shown understanding of the question, award the mark. In particular, expected place, but the correct where a word or number response is expected, a child may meet the requirement by answer is given elsewhereannotating a graph or labelling a diagram elsewhere in the question. The child’s answer correctly ‘Follow through’ marks may be awarded only when specifically stated in the mark scheme. follows through from earlier incorrect work

40 Mark scheme for the level 3 test Level 3 Question Answer Mark Additional guidance Oral Question Answer Mark Additional guidance Practice90 – 70 = 20 or 90 = 70 + 20 620 ÷ 4 = 5 or20 = 4 t5 77 (teams) 8300 9200 10Writes the amounts in order as shown: 11Tom and Vicky in either order or 7.45 am and 8.15 am written instead of Tom and Vicky. £7.07 £7.70 £70.07 £70.70 none 1 1 1 1 1Accept any clear way of indicating the correct order, eg arrows. All four numbers must be in the correct order for the award of the mark. Do notaccept transcription errors, eg £7.77 written instead of £7.70 Accept the values given in reverse order. 1Accept any reasonable spelling. Accept any other clear way of indicating Tom and Vicky, eg ‘T’ and ‘V’ written in the answer boxes, or names ticked on diagram. Both children must be correct for the award of the mark. Written Practice403 11006 272 32 (faces) 420 51000 (grams)none 1 1 1 1 1

Level 3 Question Answer Mark Additional guidance 12a987 12b798 13Shape crossed as shown: 1420 (minutes) 15Joins 80+80+80+80 to 320, as shown below. Joins 60+60+60+60+60 to 300, as shown below. 16127 17123 (cm) 18aAutumn and Winter in either order. or 10 and 8 written instead of Autumn and Winter. 18b15 (children) is not a triangle is a triangle does not have a right anglehas a right angle { U1 U1 41 1 1 ) Do not award the mark for 789. This is the smallest number, but is not even. 1Accept any other way of indicating the correct response. Do notaward the mark if more than one shape is indicated unless it is clear that the correct shape is the child’s final choice. 1 1 1 Do not award a mark if the addition is joined to more than one answer. Ignore any extra lines drawn from 20+20+20. 1 1Accept 1m 23 (cm). 1Accept any reasonable spelling. Accept also ‘A’ or ‘W’ written in the boxes instead of Autumn and Winter. 1 320 30 60 300 360 340 20+20+20 80+80+80+80 60+60+60+60+60

42 Level 3 Question Answer Mark Additional guidance 199 (cartons) This mark may be awarded for children who: a) have the wrong answer but a complete and correct methodthat is communicated clearly; or b) have written a number greater than 8 and less than 9, or 8 remainder 2 as evidence of an appropriate method. 20Shades 4 more complete squares to bring the total number of shaded squares to 6. 21Writes any number between 26 and 35 inclusive. Use the acceptable and unacceptable responses given on pages 44 and 45 to help make your decision. U1 2Award both marks for the correct answer by entering 1in each mark box. ) A child with a correct answer can be awarded two marks even if they have failed to record an appropriate method or any method at all, since it can be assumed that they used a correct mental method to reach their answer. OR 1If mark awarded, enter a 1then0in the mark boxes. ) One mark may be awarded to children who have failed to record the correct answer provided they have demonstrated a complete and correct method for sharing 50 cups into groups of six. (This method might be numerals, signs, words or diagrams or any mixture of these.) 1Accept any other clear way of indicating the correct answer, eg ticking. Accept part squares shaded provided the shaded parts of the squares are equivalent to 4 whole squares. Do not award the mark if more than 4 extra squares are shaded unless it is clear that the correct number of squares are the child’s final choice. 1

Level 3 43 Question Answer Mark Additional guidance 22£7.65 23Tick by octagon. 24This mark may be awarded for children who have a method that communicates clearly how 70 ÷ 5 could have been calculated. 25254 26Writes any one of these factor pairs, in either order: 1t150; 2t75; 3t50; 5t30; 6t25; 10t15. Use the acceptable and unacceptable responses given on pages 46 and 47 to help make your decision. U1 1Accept £7.65p, £7-65, £7:65, £7 65 (with a clear space between the 7 and 6). Do not accept £765p or£765 1Accept any other clear way of indicating the correct name. Do not award the mark if more than one name is ticked unless it is clear that the correct one is the child’s final choice. 1Award the mark if the method they communicate clearly indicates that they have attempted to split 70 into groups of five or 14 using a complete and correct method. (This method might be numerals, signs, words or diagrams or any mixture of these.) 1 1Accept also any correct answer that uses fractions, eg 300 t 1⁄2 Maximum marks: 30

44 Level 3 Examples of responses from question 19 A child who gives an answer that is greater than 8 and less than 9should be awarded one mark. For this question it is possible for children to identify a correct method and complete their calculation correctly, yet fail to be awarded two marks because they do not interpret their answer in the context of the question. Sunita has not recorded a method. However, she can be awarded one mark because she has given 8 1⁄2as her answer. Thomas has given 9 1⁄2as his answer, therefore we cannot assume that he used a correct method. Thomas cannot be awarded a mark. Children who do not give an answer between 8 and 9 must record a complete and correct method for the award of the mark.Chen recognises that 5 t6 = 30, he then builds on this to deduce that 7 t6 = 42 and adds another 6 plus 2. However, he incorrectly interprets his method to reach an answer of 7 1⁄2. Chen has recorded a complete and correct method, despite the error in his calculation. Since Chen’s method is complete and correct he can be awarded one mark even though his answer is outside the given range. Rachel has recorded correct calculations. However, her method is not complete since she did not take account of all 50 cups. Consequently her answer is outside the allowed range, so she cannot be awarded any marks. Children must record a complete and correct method, if their answer is outside the given range, for the award of the mark.Jenny has recorded an answer outside the given range. However, she can be awarded the mark for a complete and correct method that accounts for 48 cups plus a few more. Bradley has recorded calculations that involve adding 12, the number of cups that can be filled with two cartons. However, his method is not correct as he does not show any awareness that he should consider adding just one more carton as he nears the told number of cups required. His response could indicate that he has decided that two more cartons were required after 48 cups, rather than two more cups. This takes his answer outside the allowed range, so Bradley cannot be awarded a mark. Sunita 1 mark Thomas Chen Rachel Jenny Bradley 0 marks cartons cartons cartons cartons cartons cartons 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0

Level 3 45 Examples of responses from question 19 – continued Children who do not give an answer between 8 and 9 must record a complete and correct method for the award of the mark. James has recorded an answer between 8 and 9 so he can be awarded the mark. However, even if his answer was outside the given range he could be awarded the mark since he has recorded a complete and correct method. Like James, Rifat has drawn cartons to help her solve the problem. However, Rifat has not recorded all 50 cups. Therefore, her method is not complete and she cannot be awarded the mark since her answer is outside the allowed range. Children must record a complete and correct method, if their answer is outside the given range, for the award of the mark.Abena has recorded the answer ‘8 and 2 more’; this can be awarded the mark because it shows a value that is greater than eight and less than nine. However, even if her answer had been outside the range she could be awarded the mark for a complete and correct method. Like Abena, Hasan has drawn cups to help him solve the problem. However, Hasan has only recorded 42 cups and written ‘+6 more’. He has not taken account of all 50 cups, so his method is not complete and he cannot be awarded the mark since his answer is outside the allowed range. Children must record a complete and correct method, if their answer is outside the given range, for the award of the mark.Megan has identified a complete and correct method for solving the problem. Even though her answer shows limited understanding of division she may nevertheless be awarded the mark for showing a complete and correct method. Owen has attempted to use a number line method. However, Owen’s method is not correct since his number line does not start at zero and he has not counted one carton for the first six cups; he cannot be awarded the mark. James 1 mark Rifat Abena Hasan 0 marks cartons cartons cartons cartons 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 Megan Owen cartons cartons 0 1 0 0

46 Level 3 Examples of responses from question 24 Children must record a complete and correct method for the award of the mark.Amy has correctly recorded 14 fives; this is a correct strategy for answering 70 ÷ 5. We can assume that she mentally counted in fives to 70 and then counted the fives to reach 14. Therefore Amy can be awarded the mark for a complete and correct method. Samuel has described a method involving repeated subtraction of five. However, his method is not complete since he does not tell us either when he stopped or how many fives he subtracted. Samuel cannot be awarded the mark. Children must record a complete and correct method for the award of the mark.Georgia has repeatedly added fives until she reached 70. She added 14 fives so she can be regarded as recording a complete and correct method that is worth the mark. Daniel attempted to use a repeated subtraction method. However, he does not demonstrate how the numbers he subtracts relate to the required calculation. He subtracts amounts to reach 14, rather than subtracting 14 fives to reach zero. Daniel cannot be awarded the mark since his method is both incomplete and incorrect. Children must record a complete and correct method for the award of the mark.Shaun shared out 70 objects into five groups. Each group contained 14 objects. Shaun’s method is both complete and correct, so can be awarded the mark. Jack may also have mentally counted in fives. However, he has provided insufficient information about his method. He cannot be awarded the mark since his method is incomplete. 1 mark 1 Georgia 0 Daniel 1 Shaun 0 Jack 0 marks 14 14 14 14 1 Amy 0 Samuel 14 14

47 Level 3 Examples of responses from question 24 – continued Children must record a complete and correct method for the award of the mark. Donna has recorded 70 counters grouped into 14 lots of five. Donna’s method is both complete and correct and can therefore be awarded the mark. Emma has drawn 70 circles. However, she has shown no evidence of splitting them into groups of five or 14. Emma’s method is not complete so she cannot be awarded the mark. Children must record a complete and correct method for the award of the mark.Kofi has demonstrated an understanding of the ÷ sign by using the word share, which suggests groups of equal size. His description of sharing 70 between 5 people is a complete and correct method that can be awarded the mark. Sabrina describes a similar method. However, she does not show that she means equal groups so her method is not correct and cannot be awarded the mark. Children must record a complete and correct method for the award of the mark. Jessica has recorded a multiplication. This is equivalent to recording a repeated addition where 14 fives are added and is therefore acceptable for the award of the mark. Wayne may have intended to share 70 into 5 groups. However, his description is not complete and therefore cannot be awarded the mark. 1 Donna 1 mark 0 Emma 1 Jessica 0 Wayne 0 marks 14 14 14 14 1 Kofi 0 Sabrina 14 14

48 Finding the level Add up each child’s total score, for the test, out of the maximum of 30 marks (not including the practice questions), and write this total in the box marked ‘Score’ on the front of the child’s test booklet. Then refer to the table below to find whether the level was achieved, and enter this on the front of the booklet in the box marked ‘Level’. This information will then be available to transfer on to any recording or reporting document. Evidence shows that it is easy to make careless slips in adding up total scores, and these slips could disadvantage the child; thorough checking and rechecking are, therefore, strongly recommended. If a child does not achieve level 3 in this test, and has not already been assessed at level 2, you must enter him or her for the level 2 test. If a child scores very highly on this test (at or near 100 per cent), you should consider whether further assessment, using one of the following options, is appropriate: ■ the optional tasks to support teacher assessment for more able children. These tasks are available on QCA’s website at www.qca.org.uk/ca/tests with exemplar material and commentaries from teachers to support the level awarded for the task; ■ taking an optional end-of-year test early, eg year 3 or year 4; ■ early entry for the end of key stage 2 tests if the child has completed the programmes of study for key stage 2 and is about to move into the programmes of study for key stage 3. Level 3 Level 3 achieved Level 3 not achieved Level 11–30 0–10 Number of marks

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