[PDF] Cambridge Lower Secondary Progression Test - Science 2018 Stage 9 - Paper 2 Question.pdf | Plain Text

SCIENCE_S9_02_8RP © UCLES 2018 *9854418526* Cambridge Lower Secondary Progression Test Science paper 2 Stage 9 45 minutes Name ………………………………………………….………………………. Additional materials: Calculator Ruler READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Answer all questions in the spaces provided on the question paper. You should show all your working on the question paper. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. The total number of marks for this paper is 50. For Teacher’s Use Page Mark 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Total

2 S/S9/02 © UCLES 2018 For Teacher’s Use 1 To grow well, plants need to absorb minerals from the soil. These minerals contain chemical elements. (a) Most soils have a pH between 4 and 8.5. The diagram shows how pH affects the amount of iron in the soil. 4 amount of iron in the soil 56iron pH of soil78 The diagram shows that between pH 4 and 6.7 the soil contains the greatest amount of iron. Above pH 6.7 the amount of iron decreases. The diagram below shows how pH affects the amount of other elements in the soil. 4 amount of element in the soil 56magnesiumpotassium phosphorusnitrogen pH of soil78 (i) Use the information in the diagram to answer the questions. Explain why plants grow well at pH 7. .................................................................................................................................. Explain why plants do not grow well at pH 4. .................................................................................................................................. [2]

3 S/S9/02 © UCLES 2018 [Turn over For Teacher’s Use (ii) Which element is in least amount when the soil pH is greater than 7? Choose from iron nitrogen phosphorus potassium magnesium answer ................................................................................................................... [1] (b) The soil can be improved by adding decayed plant material or animal waste. (i) Which group of organisms cause decay? ..............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) Explain why adding decayed plant material or animal waste improves soil. ..............................................................................................................................[1] 2 Forces can make objects turn. distance 1 force 1 force 2 distance 2 A Complete the sentences. The part labelled A in the diagram is the .................................................. . Look at the formula. Z = force × distance Z is called a .................................................. . [2]

4 S/S9/02 © UCLES 2018 For Teacher’s Use 3 A teacher shows his students the reactions of some metals with water. He starts by adding small amounts of some metals to a bowl containing water. The table shows the observations his students make. metalchemical symbolobservation lithium Li fizzes slowly sodium Na fizzes quickly potassium Kfizzes very quickly and bursts into flames (a) When the teacher does the experiment he needs to keep himself and his students safe. Write down one way he could do this. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) A gas is made when these metals react with water. What is the name of this gas? Circle the correct answer. carbon dioxide hydrogen nitrogen oxygen [1] (c) All the metals the teacher uses are in Group 1 of the Periodic Table. (i) Which of the three metals is the most reactive? ..............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) Rubidium is also in Group 1. It is beneath potassium in the Periodic Table. Predict what happens when rubidium is added to water. ..............................................................................................................................[1]

5 S/S9/02 © UCLES 2018 [Turn over For Teacher’s Use 4 Many computers and mobile phones have touch screens. Touch screens work using electric charge. digital sensor charge on plate touch screen Put these statements in the correct order. Use numbers 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. One has been done for you. statement order the touch screen pushes onto the plate behind the charge on this part of the plate changes you choose the letter you want on the phone1 the change in charge is detected by the digital sensor you touch the screen with your finger [1]

6 S/S9/02 © UCLES 2018 For Teacher’s Use 5 Charles Darwin is famous for his theory of natural selection. He developed this theory by making observations and drawing conclusions. Draw a line from each observation to the correct conclusion. observation conclusion Offspring of a species have small differences. The small differences make some offspring better adapted than others. Over time the population of a species stays roughly the same. The small differences are inherited. The small differences can be seen in the parent and the offspring. Darwin called this evolution. Over time, the appearance of a species changes. The weakest die and the best adapted survive. [2]

7 S/S9/02 © UCLES 2018 [Turn over For Teacher’s Use 6 The timeline shows when some scientists made suggestions about the structure of the atom. Dalton 1803 1910 Rutherford 1926 Schrodinger / Heisenburg Democritus400 BC JJ Thomson1904 Bohr 1913 not to scale .. (a) Rutherford was the first scientist to suggest the modern day model of an atom. (i) The idea of elements being made of atoms was also suggested by a scientist just over 100 years before Rutherford’s suggestion. Use the timeline to name this scientist. ..............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) The atomic model made famous by JJ Thomson in 1904 was called the plum pudding model. Rutherford’s suggestions meant the plum pudding model was no longer used. Use the timeline to calculate how long the plum pudding model of the atom was used. .................................................. years [1] (b) The model first suggested by Rutherford has changed over time. Why has this model changed? .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1]

8 S/S9/02 © UCLES 2018 For Teacher’s Use 7 Rajiv uses the internet. He finds information about different energy sources used in the USA in the year 2008. energy sourcepercentage (%) use in the USA coal 23 natural gas 24 nuclear electric power 9 petroleum 37 renewable 7 (a) What is the best way to present the information in the table? .......................................................................................................................................... Explain your answer ........................................................................................................ .......................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) The information was for the year 2008. Rajiv wants to predict the world’s (global) energy use for the year 2025. Describe why the information in the table is not very useful for this prediction. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (c) Name a renewable energy source. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (d) Coal is a fossil fuel. Explain why coal is a non-renewable energy source. .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1]

9 S/S9/02 © UCLES 2018 [Turn over For Teacher’s Use 8 Foxes are predators that eat rabbits. (a) State two factors, other than predation, that affects the size of the rabbit population. 1 ....................................................................................................................................... 2 ....................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) The graph shows how the populations of rabbits and foxes change over time. time populationA B Which line, A or B, represents the size of the fox population? ................. Explain your answer. .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... [1]

10 S/S9/02 © UCLES 2018 For Teacher’s Use 9 Jamila and Ahmed investigate the rate of reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium. The diagram shows the apparatus they use. water measuring cylinder magnesium ribbon hydrochloric acid The flask contains 1 cm length of magnesium ribbon and 25 cm 3 of hydrochloric acid. Jamila and Ahmed measure the volume of gas made in two minutes. They repeat the experiment using different concentrations of acid. Here is their results table. relative concentration of acidvolume of gas collected in cm 3 1 5 212 329 425 527 Jamila tells Ahmed that one result is an anomaly. (a) Which result is the anomaly? ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) How could they check if this result is an anomaly? ...................................................................................................................................... [1]

11 S/S9/02 © UCLES 2018 [Turn over For Teacher’s Use (c) Jamila and Ahmed want to improve their experiment to get more accurate results. What improvement should they make? Tick ( ) the correct answer. Replace the acid with an alkali. Replace the conical flask with a beaker. Use a gas syringe instead of a measuring cylinder. Use iron instead of magnesium. [1] 10 Yuri wants to measure the current and voltage in an electrical circuit. Complete the gaps in the table. current voltage unitamps ............................................ measured withammeter in series............................................ in ............................................ circuit symbol for the measuring device V [3]

12 S/S9/02 © UCLES 2018 For Teacher’s Use 11 Look at the diagram of the inside of a flower. (a) Complete the labelling on the diagram. Choose words from this list. leaf ovary pollen stamen stigma style filament ................................................................................................ sepal nectaryanther petal [3] (b) The table describes the processes involved in sexual reproduction in flowering plants. They are not in the correct order. Complete the table to give the name of each process. The first one has been done for you. description of process name of process ovule develops into a seed seed formation pollen fuses with the ovule .............................................. pollen transferred onto plant .............................................. wind carries seed away .............................................. [3]

13 S/S9/02 © UCLES 2018 [Turn over For Teacher’s Use 12 Mike investigates the metal magnesium. (a) He burns a piece of magnesium in a Bunsen burner flame. Burning (combustion) releases energy. Write down the word used to describe a reaction that releases energy. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) Mike places a piece of magnesium into hydrochloric acid. The acid starts to fizz. (i) Which gas is made? ..............................................................................................................................[1] (ii) This reaction also makes a salt. Circle the name of this salt. magnesium magnesium magnesium magnesium chloride hydride hydroxide sulfate [1] (c) Mike puts a piece of magnesium into water. There is a very slow reaction. Circle the name of the metal that reacts much faster with water than magnesium does. calcium copper gold silver [1]

14 S/S9/02 © UCLES 2018 For Teacher’s Use 13 Priya plans an investigation into the density of different salt solutions. She does some preliminary experiments. Priya • puts different masses of salt into 100 cm 3 water • measures the mass and volume of the salt solution. Here are her preliminary results. mass of salt in gmass of salt solution in gvolume of salt solution in cm 3 1 101 100.4 5 105 101.3 20 120 103.6 40 140 103.9 100 200 104.0 (a) What range of masses of salt would give Priya the biggest range of volumes? Tick ( ) the correct answer. 0–1 g 1–5 g 1–20 g 20–100 g [1] (b) What pattern is shown by the preliminary results? .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) Priya does just one set of preliminary results. Why is it important to repeat each set of results in the actual investigation? ...................................................................................................................................... [1]

15 S/S9/02 © UCLES 2018 [Turn over For Teacher’s Use 14 Use the key to identify the invertebrate in the diagram. 1 has a segmented body go to 2 does not have a segmented body go to 4 2 has legs go to 3 does not have legs earthworm 3 has enlarged pincers (claws) at front of body crayfish does not have pincers (claws) at front of body dragonfly nymph 4 length is more than three times its width roundworm length is less than three times its width flatworm The invertebrate is .............................................................................................................. [1]

16 S/S9/02 © UCLES 2018 For Teacher’s Use Copyright © UCLES, 2018 Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which itself is a department of the University of Cambridge. Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. 15 The diagram shows an atom of phosphorus. particle X (a) What is the name of particle X? ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) What is the number of particles in the nucleus of this phosphorus atom? ...................................................................................................................................... [1] 16 Energy from the Sun reaches the Earth. (a) Which process transfers thermal (heat) energy from the Sun to the Earth? Circle the correct answer. conduction convection evaporation radiation [1] (b) Explain why energy from the Sun can only be transferred to the Earth by this process. .......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [1]