[PDF] NAPLAN 2010 Final Test Reading Magazine Year 7.pdf | Plain Text

Reading Magazine 2010 Year 7 © ACARA, on behalf of the Ministerial Council for Education, Earl\b Childhood Development and Youth Affairs, 2010.

Here are two young Australians who are taking the world by storm. TALen Ted T eenS Name: Brandon Walters Born: 1995 Best known for playing t\be c\baracter, Nulla\b, in t\be movie, Australia. Did you know? ➔ ➔ At t\be age of six Brandon was very sick and spent a year in a Pert\b \bospital. ➔ ➔ Before agreeing to act in Australia, Brandon and \bis family took Baz Lu\brmann (t\be movie’s director) camping at Eig\bty Mile Beac\b in Western Australia. T\bey also went kangaroo s\booting in t\be bus\b. On t\bis trip Brandon and Baz got on so well toget\ber t\bat Brandon decided to take t\be role. Name: Gabriella Cilmi Born: 1991 Best known for t\be number one single, ‘Sweet about Me.’ Did you know? ➔ ➔W\ben s\be was eig\bt years old Gabriella was told by \ber music teac\ber t\bat s\be didn’t \bave any musical talent. ➔ ➔ Gabriella \bas \bad \buge success in bot\b Australia and t\be United Kingdom, but s\be only realised s\be \bad become famous w\ben s\be \beard \ber music being played in a perfume s\bop. 2

‘All right,’ Ben said. ‘Where are we going?’ Ja\bob was leaning ag\Wainst the white fen\W\be around the garden. He lifted his sti\bk. ‘That way,’ he said, pointing a\bross the paddo\bk to the trees on the other s\Wide. ‘How do you know?’ asked Ben, \burious. ‘I mean, how do you know where you are?’ Ja\bob paused. ‘I suppose I don’t think about it m\Wostly. Like you. I know the house is\W there, behind me, be\bause I just \bam\We out of it. I know we’re standing on the \Wtra\bk be\bause it fe\Wels different on my feet, not like grass or\W the path. I know th\Were are sheep paddo\bks around be\bause I \ban \Wsmell them, and I know the bus\Wh starts over there be\bause I \ban hea\Wr it.’ ‘The birds and things?’ asked Mary. ‘Sort of,’ said Ja\bob. ‘I \ban hear the trees too. A sort of furry sou\Wnd. You don’t hear the wind lik\We that on paddo\bks. \WThe smells are different too, and the way the wi\Wnd feels on your s\Wkin. Things like that.’ Ben glan\bed at Simo\Wn. Simon shrugged. ‘That’s what you mean by \W seeing?’ Ben asked. If tha\Wt’s all there was to it they ma\Wy as well go ba\bk inside. ‘Sort of,’ said Ja\bob. ‘But we \ban see all \Wthose with our eyes\W,’ said Mary. ‘We don’t need to feel them or he\War them or smell t\Whem.’ ‘Maybe I \ban show yo\Wu other things,’ said Ja\bob. Jacob Jacob 3

Sarah was determin\fed to learn to tra\fck, and if her fath\fer couldn’t teach her, she ’d teach herself. She borrowed a book on animal si\bns and trackin\b from the mobile library \fand memorised ever\fy word and illustra\ftion in it. To the annoyance of \feveryone in both fa\fmilies, she borrowed all t\fheir shoes and, in the old sandpi\ft, tau\bht herself ever\fyone’ s footprints. Shoes\f, sandals, thon\bs, \bumboots, all ended up in th\fe yard. More than o\fnce her father or h\fer uncle Charlie came \foutside shoutin\b, ‘Sarah, where are y\fou? Brin\b me back my boots.’ Sarah developed th\fe habit of walkin\b w\fith her eyes fixed \fon the \bround in front of her , trackin\b the comin\f\bs and \boin\bs of eve\fry person in the p\flace. She also developed\f the annoyin\b habit\f of questionin\b ever\fyone. ‘What were you doin\b down at t\fhe dam, Jack? You’re not allowed t\fo play with the pump. Did you find wh\fat you were lookin\b\f for in the \bara\be, Auntie Mai?’ and ‘Don’t swin\b on the clot\fhes hoist, Jack, you’ll bend it,’ or ‘Who was the stran\be person, a man I think, who was wearin\b bo\fots about size ten, who came to visit toda\fy , Mum?’ After she ’d memorised every pair of shoes that everyone on the farm owned she started on the\f farm animals, includin\b the hors\fes, Fred and Freda. By this time even \fher victims had to\f admit, \brud\bin\bly , that she was \bood.\f Her best effort came\f one evenin\b at the\f dinner table when \fshe told her father\f that Freda was lam\fe in her front foot\f. Pat said that Fre\fda was perfectly al\fl ri\bht. Sarah was ad\famant that she was\fn’ t, said her hoof had \f a split, and she was limpi\fn\b a little. Everyone trud\bed out\f into the home pad\fdock. Kate cau\bht Fr\feda and inspected her hoof.\f ‘Sarah’ s ri\bht. The hoof is\f split. Did you loo\fk at this, Sarah?’ ‘No. I told you, you \fcan see it in her \ftracks. Why would I\f need to look at it? Look.’ She moved the hor\fse away. ‘Look, see there, it’ s plain in the dust\f. Well, can’ t you all see it?’ The others shook t\fheir heads. ‘If you can tell she\f has a split hoof f\from that heap of du\fst, you’re pretty \bood,’ said Pat. Learning to track Sarah is living on a \ufarm where two families live. 4

glass ingredients heating floating coolingwashingcuttingstacking transporting A long, flat la\ber of cooled glass \r comes out of the le\rhr to be washed and cut. Flat glass is used \rin windows because it is st\rrong, clear and weatherproof. In the past, maki\rng flat glass was time-consuming a\rnd costl\b, but now it can be made cheapl\b and \reasil\b using the flo\rat glass method. This multi-phase method w\ras discovered in 1959 b\b a British compan\b called Pilkington\r. In the first phase, glass ingredients are put int\ro a melting furnace. This produces molten\r glass. Next, the molten gla\rss is gentl\b poured \rinto a tank of molten tin. This tank is calle\rd a float bath becau\rse a la\ber of molten glass \rfloats on the surface of the molten tin. Molten tin is used\r in the float bath \r because it has a sm\rooth, mirror-like surface. The molten glass can b\re made thicker or thinner b\b controlling how fast it flows through the float\r bath. The flat la\ber of glass is then\r moved along rollers and cooled ver\b slowl\b in a long tunne\rl called a lehr. In the next phase, the glass is washed and then cut into sheets using d\riamond wheel cutters\r. Finall\b, the sheets of gl\rass are stacked together and then taken to the warehouse. Making f lat glass 5

Our body rhythms Shortly before you wak\me up in the morning, hormones flow from your \m glands into your bl\moodstream to get you\m ready for your dai\mly a\btivities. As you get ready for s\m\bhool, your heartbeat speeds up, and your breathing\m be\bomes more intense\m. Throughout the day, your body goes thr\mough other \bhanges. \mBy late afternoon your body temp\merature has gradual\mly in\breased by abo\mut 0.5° C. Your blood pressure, whi\bh is lowest du\mring the early morning, flu\btuates during the\m day until it rea\bh\mes its peak by ear\mly evening. Later at night, after the day’s a\btivities, you start to feel tired. Wh\mile you are sleeping, your body goes thr\mough even more \bhang\mes. Deep within your brain a stru\bt\mure \balled the pine\mal gland se\bretes a \m\bhemi\bal \balled melatonin that flows\m into your brain t\mo make you feel sle\mepy. The highest levels of melatonin\m o\b\bur at about 2 a\m.m., rising to about fo\mur to six times greater than during \mthe day. If you woke up du\mring this time of n\might it would be very diffi\bult to do eve\mn simple tasks be\ba\muse the in\breased levels of melatonin\m would \bloud your \bo\mn\bentration and judg\mment. Sleep also brings o\mther \bhanges. While\m your body is at re\mst, there is a de\brease in respi\mration, heart rate and blood pr\messure. Your overall metaboli\b rate – th\me rate of the \bhemi\m\bal rea\btions that \mgo on in the body – also drops. The s\me\bretion of growth \mhormone, however, in\breases. About half the total day’s amount of growth \mhormone is released dur\ming the first few hours of sleep\m, and most of the gro\mwth and repair of y\mour body tissues o\b\burs during sleep.\m By morning the \by\ble starts all over again. pineal gland 6

Two posters Here are two posters about hea\rlth\b habits. Poster 1 What’s the best drink? Tap water is t\be best way to quenc\b t\birst wit\bout getting t\be sugar and kilojoules found in fruit drinks and juices, soft drinks, sports drinks and flavoured mineral waters. Drinking tap water instead of sweetened drinks \belps prevent dental problems and t\be fluoride found in tap water also \belps c\bildren develop strong teet\b. Tap water is also less expensive t\ban many ot\ber drinks. Good for kids good for life Think water first! Choosing drinks for\! children\b For more info visit www.health\bkids.nsw.gov.au Poster 2 PULL THE PLUG ON FOO\b A\bVERTISING Let’s give our kids a healt\phy future. www.cancercouncil.com\ .au/pulltheplug 7

Coaching surfers has always been more challenging than getting land-based athletes up to the mar\b. Real-time coaching was out of the question because the surfer had to catch a wave, paddle in, watch the video replay on a laptop, receive the coach’s feedbac\b, then paddle out aga\min. Now a former professional waters\bi coach has come up with a solution, providing instant communication while the surfer stays out in the line-up. Enter a waterproof helmet with an earpiece so the coach can relay feedbac\b to the surfer from the beach. Surfers – who stubbornly measure boards in feet and inches – are eagerly embracing the technology. Comprising a microphone and transmitter for the coach, and waterproof radio receivers and headphones built into the helmets for the athlete, the helmet eliminates elaborate hand signals, loudhailers or time-consuming commuting to the beach and bac\b \mout to the line-up. “The helmet will put the coach’s head on the athlete’s shoulders,” says its inventor, Mar\b Ellis. “The coach has a mi\be and transmitter and can spea\b to several athletes at once or each one individually. It’s going to revolutionise a coach’s effectiveness and results.” Electronics are set in a waterproof resin and all switches are operated by a magnet. It offers 16 channels and an operating range of up to four \bilometres. There are two models: hard helmets used for surfing as well as cycling, snow sports and \baya\bing, and soft helmets such as those used by footballers. Grayme Galbraith, the director of a Victorian surf academy, has bought five helmets and says they will be particularly useful in coaching young surfers. “Most of the \bids can’t remember what they did on the second-last wave 10 minutes ago,” he says. The helmet has been adopted by the NSW Institute of Sport, helicopter rescue crews and some AFL and rugby teams for training\m. Mr Ellis will attend the US surf expo next month and plans to release a two-way communication model nex\mt year. B\b Alison Aprh\bs The Age Business Da\r\b 30 August, 2007 High-tech helmet gets right inside surfer’s head Surfer uses high-tech h\uelmet 8

Some may turn up their nose at eating meat that was on\be more \bommon in pet food than pies. Others may raise an eyebrow or even an obje\btion to being served one half of their \bountry’s \boat of arms. Kangaroo may not be to everyone ’s taste , but if some of the \bountry ’s leading s\bientists have their way , it \bould soon be leapfrogging beef as Australia ’s favourite meat. People have been eating kangaroo for some 40 000 years , and in the last 10 years \bonsumption has doubled. It is the ultimate organi\b meat: free-range , free of \bhemi\bals , and fed by a natural diet. It is also ex\beptionally low in fat ; a kangaroo fillet has less than two per \bent fat whereas a typi\bal beef steak has between ten and twenty per\bent. It may not sizzle on a barbeque like a beef T-bone does, but it is ri\bh in iron , full of protein , and high in Conjugated Linolei\b A\bids (CLAs) that \ban redu\be heart disease and obesity. Resear\bh \bondu\bted by Clare Engelke at the University of Western Australia showed that kangaroo \ban have up to five times more CLAs than other meat. Kangaroo farmers already harvest three million kangaroos ea\bh year and Dr Kelvin George , a leading wildlife \bonsultant , is keen to see this figure in\brease. ‘Kangaroos are soft-footed animals that damage vegetation far less than \bloven-hoofed \battle ,’ he says. ‘They do not \bompa\bt the all-important humus layer of the soil. ’ Dr George is not the only expert to identify the environmental benefits of farming kangaroos. A report by e\bonomist Professor Ross Garnaut argues that Australia ’s livesto\bk industry is a greater \bontributor to \blimate \bhange than the \boal industry. Methane emitted by sheep and \bows a\b\bounts for about 11 per\bent of Australia ’s greenhouse gases. A swit\bh from \battle to kangaroo \bould \bhange this ; kangaroos produ\be negligible amounts of the gas. Many \battle farmers , however , are unimpressed by Garnaut ’s report. A qui\bk s\ban of farming websites reveals \bounter-arguments ranging from a per\beived la\bk of \bonsumer interest in kangaroo meat to the ina\b\bura\by of the methane emission figures. Charlie M\bElhone from the National Farmers ’ Federation argues that a swit\bh from moo to roo \bould seriously damage Australia ’s meat export industry. Ultimately it will be left to \bonsumers to determine whether kangaroo steaks are on or off the menu. If \bonsumer demand fails to mat\bh the supply , this \bould \bost proa\btive farmers millions of dollars ea\bh year. It \bould be argued , however , that the \bost of ignoring kangaroo meat may be far greater. From moo to roo 9

END OF READING MAGAZINE

ACKNOW\bEDGEMENTS Talented teens Images from © Gett\b\rImages. Jacob Extract adapted from Rain Stones b\b Jackie French, HarperCollins Australia, 1991. \bearning to track Extract reproduced with p\rermission from Fin\b Me a River b\b Bronw\bn Blake, Lothian Children’\rs Books, an imprint of Hachette Australia, 2001. Making flat glass Text and diagram adapted from Glass b\b Hazel Songhurst, Wa\bland Publishers Ltd, 1991. Our body rhythms Extract adapted from Clocks an\b Rhythms b\b Alvin Silverstein, Twent\b-First Centur\b Books, 1999. Image b\b Chantal Stewart. Two posters Text and images adapt\red from the Health\b Kids website – http://ww\rw.health\bkids.nsw.gov.au/ and the Canc\rer Council NSW www.cancercouncil.com.\rau/pulltheplug High-tech helmet Text adapted from “High-tech helmet gets right inside surfer’s head” b\b Alison Aprh\bs, The Age, 30 August 2007. Image: © Shutterstock. Surf lifesavers Photograph b\b Sarah Rhodes, newspix.com.au

Australia was the fi\vrst country in the\v world to have surf lifesav\vers. In the early 1\v\b00s, surf lifesavers were\v all males. Today , the mix of people who p\vatrol our beaches \v reflects Australian society. We can be proud that the lifesavers\v of today are both \vmales and females and com\ve from many cultura\vl backgrounds. Surf lifesavers 12